Yanayi don fahimtar ƙarar baƙin ƙarfe nodular ba tare da riser ba

1 The solidification halaye na ductile baƙin ƙarfe
Hanyoyin ƙarfafawa daban -daban na nodular simintin ƙarfe da baƙin ƙarfe baƙin ƙarfe ana haifar da su ta hanyoyi daban -daban na haɓaka nodular graphite da flake graphite.

A cikin baƙin ƙarfe mai launin toka mai launin toka, graphite ya fara kwarara a gefen farkon austenite. Bangarorin biyu na takardar graphite suna kewaye da austenite kuma suna ɗaukar hoto daga austenite zuwa kauri. Ƙarshen takardar graphite yana cikin ruwa. Yana girma ta hanyar ɗaukar hoto.

A cikin baƙin ƙarfe na nodular, saboda graphite yana da siffar siffar zobe, ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa yana fara shaƙuwa a bayan bayan hazo. Ruwan da ke kewaye ya zama austenite mai ƙarfi kuma yana kewaye da kwallaye na graphite saboda raguwar adadin w (C); Austenite ke kewaye da shi, carbon din da za a iya sha daga austenite yana da iyakantacce, yayin da carbon a cikin ruwa ke watsawa sannu a hankali cikin ƙwallon hoto ta cikin kauri, kuma kewaye da austenite yana iyakance haɓakarsa; don haka Duk da cewa kwatankwacin carbon ɗin ƙarfe nodular ya fi na baƙin ƙarfe mai launin toka, ƙimar ƙirar ƙarfe nodular ya fi wahala, don haka babu isasshen faɗaɗawar hoto don daidaita raunin ƙarfafawa; sabili da haka, baƙin ƙarfe na nodular yana da saurin raguwa.

Bugu da ƙari, kaurin austenite Layer wanda ke kunshe da ƙwallon ƙwallon ƙafa shine galibi sau 1.4 diamita na ƙwallon ƙira. Wato, mafi girman ƙwallon ƙwallo, mafi kauri austenite Layer, kuma ya fi wahala ga carbon a cikin ruwa don canzawa zuwa ƙwallon hoto ta hanyar austenite. Mai girma [1].

Babban dalilin da ya sa ƙaramin baƙin ƙarfe na baƙin ƙarfe mai saurin kamuwa da farin baki shima shine hanyar ƙarfafawa na baƙin ƙarfe. Kamar yadda aka ambata a sama, saboda wahalar rarrabewar baƙin ƙarfe, babu isasshen zafin latent na crystallization wanda aka kirkira ta hanyar zanawa don a sake shi cikin ƙirar, wanda ke ƙaruwa da darajar supercooling, kuma graphite ba shi da lokacin da zai hanzarta yin tsari siminti. Bugu da ƙari, baƙin ƙarfe na spheroidal simintin ƙarfe yana da saurin haɓaka da raguwa, wanda kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da ke haifar da matsanancin zafi [1].

2 Sharuɗɗa don nodular simintin ƙarfe ba tare da tashi ba

Ba shi da wahalar gani daga halaye masu ƙarfafawa na baƙin ƙarfe mai ɗaci cewa ya fi wahalar cimma simintin da ba shi da riser don sassan baƙin ƙarfe. Dangane da shekaru da yawa na ƙwarewar aiki a cikin samarwa, marubucin ya yi wasu takaitattun bayanai da taƙaitaccen bayani game da yanayin da ake buƙata don baƙin ƙarfe na nodular don fahimtar tsarin simintin-kyauta, da raba shi tare da abokan aiki a nan.

2.1 Zaɓin narkakken baƙin ƙarfe

2.1.1 Kwatancen Carbon (CE)

A karkashin yanayi iri ɗaya, ƙaramin hoto yana da sauƙin narkewa a cikin narkakken baƙin ƙarfe kuma baya da sauƙin girma; yayin da graphite ke haɓaka, ƙimar girma na maƙallan ma yana zama da sauri, don haka ana samar da maƙallan na farko kafin eutectic a cikin narkakken ƙarfe don haɓaka ƙarfafawa na Eutectic Graphitization yana da fa'ida sosai. Ƙararren ƙarfe mai ƙyalli mai ƙyalli zai iya saduwa da irin waɗannan yanayi, amma ƙimar CE da ta wuce kima tana sa graphite ya girma kafin eutectic ya ƙarfafawa, kuma lokacin da ya girma zuwa wani girman, graphite ya fara shawagi, yana haifar da lahani na ruwa. A wannan lokacin, ƙarar girma da ke haifar da ƙaddara zai haifar da ƙarar baƙin ƙarfe ya tashi, wanda ba shi da ma'ana kawai ga ciyar da simintin gyare -gyare, amma kuma saboda graphite yana ɗaukar babban adadin carbon lokacin da yake cikin yanayin ruwa. , zai haifar da narkakken ƙarfe ya ƙaru lokacin da aka ƙarfafa eutectic. Ƙananan adadin w (C) a cikin matsakaici ba zai iya samar da isasshen jadawalin eutectic ba, kuma ba zai iya rama raunin da ke haifar da ƙarfafawa na eutectic ba. Aikace -aikacen ya tabbatar da cewa yana da kyau don iya sarrafa ƙimar CE tsakanin 4.30% da 4.50%.

2.1.2 Silicon (Si)

Gabaɗaya an yi imanin cewa a cikin abubuwan Fe-C-Si, Si shine ƙimar hoto, kuma babban adadin w (Si) yana da fa'ida ga faɗaɗa hoto kuma yana iya rage faruwar ramukan ƙanƙara. 'Yan mutane kaɗan ne suka san cewa Si yana hana jadawalin ƙarfafawa. Don haka, komai daga mahangar ciyarwa ko hana tsararrakin rabe -raben rarrabuwa, muddin ana iya hana fararen bakin ta matakan kamar ƙarfafa inoculation, dole ne a rage adadin w (Si) gwargwadon iko.

2.1.3 Carbon (C)

A ƙarƙashin yanayin ƙimar CE mai dacewa, ƙara adadin w (C) gwargwadon iko. Gaskiya sun tabbatar da cewa w (C) abun cikin baƙin ƙarfe mai sarrafa kansa ana sarrafa shi a 3.60%~ 3.70%, kuma simintin yana da ƙanƙantar da ƙima.

2.1.4 Sulfur (S)

S shine babban abin da ke hana spheroidization na graphite. Babban manufar spheroidization shine a cire S. Duk da haka, saurin girma da raguwar nodular simintin ƙarfe yana da alaƙa kai tsaye da ƙarancin w (S); saboda haka, adadin w (S) ya dace. Ana iya sarrafa adadin w (S) a kusan 0.015%, kuma ana iya amfani da tasirin nuclei na MgS don haɓaka ginshiƙan ginshiƙai don haɓaka adadin ginshiƙai da rage raguwa [2].

2.1.5 Magnesium (Mg)

Mg kuma wani abu ne wanda ke hana ƙira, don haka a ƙarƙashin ƙimar cewa ƙimar spheroidization na iya kaiwa sama da 90%, Mg yakamata ya zama ƙasa da yadda zai yiwu. A ƙarƙashin yanayin cewa baƙin ƙarfe na asali w (O) da w (S) ba su da yawa, za a iya sarrafa abubuwan da ke cikin w (Mg) a cikin 0.03% ~ 0.04% shine mafi dacewa.

2.1.6 Wasu abubuwa

Mn, P, Cr da sauran abubuwan da ke hana zayyanawa sun yi ƙasa kaɗan.

Kula da tasirin abubuwan da aka gano, kamar Ti. Lokacin da adadin w (Ti) yayi ƙasa, abu ne wanda ke haɓaka haɓaka hoto. A lokaci guda, Ti shine kashi wanda ke samar da carbides da wani abu wanda ke shafar spheroidization kuma yana haɓaka samar da hoto na vermicular. Saboda haka, ƙananan adadin w (Ti), mafi kyau. Kamfanin marubucin ya taɓa samun tsarin simintin da ba shi da haɗari. Saboda ƙarancin albarkatun ƙasa na ɗan lokaci, an yi amfani da baƙin ƙarfe alade da abun ciki na aw (Ti) na 0.1%. Ba wai kawai simintin gyare -gyaren da aka samar yana da raguwar farfajiya ba, har ma nau'ikan nau'ikan sun bayyana a ciki bayan sarrafawa. Ragewa.

A taƙaice, albarkatun ƙasa masu tsabta suna da fa'ida don haɓaka ikon ciyar da kai na baƙin ƙarfe mara ƙarfi.

2.2 Zuba zafin jiki

Gwaje -gwajen sun nuna cewa zazzabin da ke zuƙowa na baƙin ƙarfe mai ɗorewa daga 1 350 ℃ zuwa 1500 ℃ ba shi da wani tasiri a sarari kan ƙarar simintin gyare -gyare, amma ilimin halittar kumburin ramin a hankali yana canzawa daga nau'in mai da hankali zuwa nau'in tarwatsawa. Girman kwallaye na graphite sannu a hankali yana ƙaruwa tare da ƙaruwa na zazzabi mai zuƙowa, kuma adadin gwal ɗin yana raguwa a hankali. Sabili da haka, babu buƙatar buƙatar zazzabi mai ƙarancin ƙarfi. Muddin ƙirar tana da ƙarfi don tsayayya da matsin lamba na baƙin ƙarfe, zafin zazzabin na iya zama mafi girma. Ana amfani da narkakken ƙarfe don dumama ƙyallen don rage ƙimar yanayin sanyi a lokacin ƙarfafawa na eutectic, don nuna hoto yana da isasshen lokacin ci gaba. Koyaya, saurin zub da jini yakamata ya zama da sauri don rage bambancin zafin jiki na narkakken baƙin ƙarfe a cikin injin [3].

2.3 Karfe mai sanyi

Dangane da gogewar marubucin wajen amfani da baƙin ƙarfe mai sanyi da bincike na ka'idar da ke sama, iƙirarin cewa baƙin ƙarfe na iya kawar da lalatattun raunin ba daidai bane. A gefe guda, amfani da ƙarfe mai sanyi na gida (kamar ɓangarorin da ke da ramuka) na iya canja wurin raunin da ya rage maimakon kawar da shi; a gefe guda, amfani da baƙin ƙarfe mai sanyi a kan babban yanki na iya cimma tasirin rage ciyarwa ko babu tashin hankali. Ba tare da sanin ƙaruwa ba ƙarfin ƙarfe maimakon baƙin ƙarfe yana rage ruwa ko ƙarancin ƙarfi na eutectic. A zahiri, idan ana amfani da ƙarfe mai sanyi da yawa, zai shafi ci gaban ƙwallon ƙwallo da ƙima, a akasin haka zai ƙara taɓarɓarewa.

2.4 Karfin Mould da taurin kai

Tunda baƙin ƙarfe mai ɗimbin yawa yana zaɓar abun eutectic ko hypereutectic, yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don narkakken ƙarfe ya huce zuwa yanayin zafin eutectic a cikin injin, wato, matsin lamba na injin ya fi na abin da ke cikin eutectic. Idan baƙin ƙarfe simintin ƙarfe ya fi tsayi, ƙirar tana da sauƙin kamuwa da nakasa. Lokacin karuwar ƙarar da ke haifar da faɗaɗa hoto ba zai iya rama ƙarancin ruwa ba + ƙarar ƙaruwa + ƙarar murƙushewa, ramukan ƙanƙara ba makawa. Sabili da haka, isasshen tsayayyen tsari da ƙarfin damfara sune muhimman yanayi don sanin simintin da babu riser. Akwai matakan simintin ƙarfe da yashi mai yashi don gane simintin da babu riser shine tabbacin wannan ka'idar.

2.5 Yin maganin allura

Ƙarfin inoculant mai ƙarfi da jinkirin aiwatar da inoculation ba kawai zai iya ba da narkakken ƙarfe babban adadin barbashi ba, amma kuma yana hana inoculation daga raguwa, kuma yana iya tabbatar da cewa baƙin ƙarfe ɗin yana da isasshen ƙwallon ƙira a lokacin ƙarfafawar eutectic; manyan ƙanƙan da ƙananan ƙwallon ƙafa suna rage Canjin canja wuri na C a cikin ruwa zuwa maƙallan graphite yana haɓaka saurin zanawa. A cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, adadi mai yawa na ƙarfafawa na eutectic zai iya sakin ƙarin latent zafi na crystallization, rage matakin supercooling, da hana ƙarni na fararen bakuna, amma kuma yana iya ƙarfafa faɗaɗa hoto. haka. Ƙarfafawa mai ƙarfi yana da mahimmanci don haɓaka ikon ciyar da kai na baƙin ƙarfe.

2.6 Liquid iron tacewa

Bayan an tace baƙin ƙarfe, ana fitar da wasu abubuwan da aka ƙona daga ciki, ta yadda za a inganta ƙaramin ruwa mai narkar da baƙin ƙarfe, da yuwuwar raguwar naƙasa.

2.7 Modulus na Fitar

Tun lokacin da baƙin ƙarfe na pearlitic ductile yana buƙatar ƙara abubuwan da ke hana zana hoto, wannan zai shafi matakin ƙima kuma yana da wani tasiri a kan fahimtar ciyar da kai na simintin gyare-gyare. Don haka, akwai gabatarwar bayanai. Simintin da babu Riser ya dace da maƙallan ductile da ke ƙasa QT500. jefa baƙin ƙarfe. Bugu da ƙari, ƙirar da aka ƙaddara ta siffa da girman simintin gyare -gyare ya zama aƙalla 3.1 cm.

Yana da kyau a lura cewa yana da wahala a sami simintin gyare-gyare na faranti tare da kauri kasa da 50 mm.

Haka kuma akwai bayanin cewa yanayin sanin tsarin simintin da babu riser don ƙarfe nodular sama da QT500 shine cewa modulus yakamata ya fi 3.6 cm.

Da fatan za a adana tushe da adireshin wannan labarin don sake bugawa: Yanayi don fahimtar ƙarar baƙin ƙarfe nodular ba tare da riser ba

Minghe Kamfanin 'Yan Wasa Masu Mutu aka sadaukar domin tsirar da samar da inganci da kuma high yi Gyare sassa (karfe mutu simintin sassa Range yafi hada da Thin-Wall Mutu Wasa,Hot Chamber Mutu Wasa,Cold Chamber Mutu Wasa), Zagaye Sabis (Mutuwar 'Yan Wasa,CNC machining,Motsa Motsa, Jiyya na sama) .Adadin al'ada Aluminium ya mutu, magnesium ko Zamak / zinc mutu simintin gyare-gyare da sauran buƙatun simintin maraba don tuntube mu.

Karkashin kulawar ISO9001 da TS 16949, Ana aiwatar da dukkan matakai ta hanyar daruruwan injunan jefa simintin da suka mutu, injunan axis 5, da sauran kayan aiki, tun daga masu fashewa zuwa na’urar Ultra Sonic masu wanki.Minghe ba kawai tana da kayan aiki na zamani ba amma kuma tana da kwararru ƙungiyar ƙwararrun injiniyoyi, masu aiki da sufetoci don tabbatar da ƙirar abokin ciniki ta zama gaskiya.

Manufactureran kwangilar masana'antar mutu. Abubuwan haɓakawa sun haɗa da sassan sanyi na sassan mutuɗar aluminum daga 0.15 lbs. zuwa 6 lbs., saurin canje-canje da aka saita, da aikin inji. Sabis-ƙarin ayyuka sun haɗa da gogewa, faɗakarwa, lalatawa, fashewar harbi, zane, zane, rufi, haɗuwa, da kayan aiki. Abubuwan da aka yi aiki tare sun haɗa da allo irin su 360, 380, 383, da 413.

Zinc ya mutu don jefa ƙirar ƙira / sabis na injiniya tare. Custom manufacturer na daidaici tutiya mutu simintin gyaran kafa. Castananan 'yan simintin gyare-gyare, pressurean ƙwanƙwasa masu juzu'in juzu'in simintin gyare-gyaren juzu'ai, ƙera simintin gyare-gyare na al'ada, ɓangaren mutu da' yan wasa masu mutuwa masu zaman kansu da ƙofar da aka hatimce za a iya ƙera su. Za'a iya kerarrar 'yan simintin a tsayi da faɗi har zuwa 24 a ciki. A cikin +/- 0.0005 a cikin. Haƙuri.  

ISO 9001: 2015 bokan masana'anta ta mutu magnesium, Abubuwan haɓaka sun haɗa da matsin lamba na magnesium mai matsi mai yawa har zuwa tan 200 mai ɗumi mai zafi & 3000 ton mai sanyi, ƙirar kayan aiki, gogewa, gyare-gyaren, inji, foda & zanen ruwa, cikakken QA tare da damar CMM , taro, marufi & isarwa.

ITAF16949 bokan. Servicearin Sabis ɗin Gyare Hadawa zuba jari,yashi,Kushin nauyi, Stauren ɓoye ɓoye,Siffar Centrifugal,Cast Vacuum,Dindindin Mould Gyare, .Hanyoyin iyawa sun hada da EDI, taimakon injiniya, ingantaccen samfuri da aiki na sakandare.

Fitar Masana'antu Abubuwan Nazarin sassa don: Motoci, Bikes, Jirgin sama, kayan kiɗa, Jirgin ruwa, Na'urorin hangen nesa, na'urori masu auna sigina, na'urori masu auna sigina, Na'urori, Kayan lantarki, ,unshi, Clocks, Inji, Injiniya, Kayan Kaya, Kayan Jiki, Jigs, Telecom, Haske, Kayan aikin likita, Na'urar daukar hoto, Robobi, Sassaka, kayan sauti, kayan wasanni, Kayan aiki, Kayan wasa da ƙari. 

Me Zamu taimake ku yi gaba?

Je zuwa Shafin Farko Don Mutu Wasa China

By Minghe Mutu Wasa Wasa | Categories: Labarai masu Taimakawa |Material Tags: Gyare Aluminum, Zinc Gyare, Fitar Magnesium, Castan Wasanni, Bakin Karfe Cast, Fitar tagulla,Gyare Tagulla,Fitar Bidiyo,Tarihin Kamfanin,Aluminum Mutu Gyare | Comments Off