Matsayin Aikace -aikacen da Yanayin Ci Gaban Tsarin Tsarin Nitriding na Rare na Duniya

Tun daga tsakiyar shekarun 1980, a cikin samarwa, wasu kayan aiki gabaɗaya ana bi da su tare da carburizing karfe da tsarin kashe wuta suna da buƙatun ƙarfi mafi girma, kazalika da babban gudu, babban iko, da buƙatun dogaro masu ƙarfi. Koyaya, siffar ƙarfe bayan yin carburizing da kashe jiyya yana da girma, kuma ana buƙatar ƙara matakai na gaba kamar maganin niƙa. Ba abu ne mai sauƙi ba don cimma maganin niƙa na kayan aikin da ba na son rai ba. Bugu da ƙari, saurin haɓaka masana'antar aerospace a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ya kuma inganta aikace-aikacen manyan zoben madaidaiciya da sassan bango. A halin yanzu, kulawar saman waɗannan sassan ƙarfe galibi yana ɗaukar tsarin carburizing da quenching, wanda kuma yana da matsalar wahala a cikin aiki na ƙarshe da ƙira, da babban nakasa bayan kashewa. Idan aka kwatanta da kayan aikin carburized, kayan aikin bayan nitriding yana da ƙarancin nakasa, wanda zai iya magance matsalolin da ke sama.

Kamar yadda matakai biyu na yau da kullun masu ƙarfi na zafin zafi, nitriding da carburizing suna da fa'idodin su. Rashin jurewa na nitriding Layer ya fi na carburized Layer, kuma taurin yana da girma, amma tsarin aiwatarwa ya fi na carburized Layer. Layer nitriding yana da zurfi fiye da layin carburized (0.3 ～ 0.5mm), kuma ƙarfin ɗaukar nauyi da tasiri yana da rauni. . Nazarin gwaji sun nuna cewa zurfin nitriding (> 0.55mm) magani na iya maye gurbin tsarin carburizing, kuma yana iya haɓaka juriya na tasiri da ƙarfin ɗaukar carburized Layer.

Tunda an yi amfani da ƙasa mai ɗanɗano don maganin zafin zafi na sinadarai, masana a gida da waje sun gudanar da bincike da yawa kan rawar da ƙasashe da ba a saba gani ba a cikin aikin nitriding, kuma sun sami sakamako mai ban mamaki. Wato, ƙara ƙasa da ba a saba gani ba a cikin tsarin nitriding na iya haɓaka ƙimar kutsewa da taurin layin kutse. , Yin layin kutsawa ya yi kauri da inganta tsarin, don haka yana da rawar biyu na catalysis da microalloying. Haɓaka fasahar nitriding ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi ya dogara da halayensa, wato, tsarin murfin lantarki na musamman ya sa ya sami aikin sunadarai masu ƙarfi.

Ƙarin abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba a cikin tsarin nitriding yana da fa'idodi da yawa: na farko, yana iya hanzarta nitriding; na biyu, yana iya rage zafin nitriding yadda yakamata; na uku, yana iya haɓaka rayuwar sabis na kayan aiki da kayan aiki; na huɗu, zai iya haɓaka gajiya mai lanƙwasa na sassa, Tuntuɓi ƙarfin gajiya da sa juriya, da sauransu Saboda haka, a cikin nitriding gear na kasar Sin, gabatar da abubuwan da ba kasafai ake samu ba a cikin tsarin maganin zafi na sinadarai ya inganta tsarin zuwa sabon matakin kuma ya inganta sosai ingancin samfurin, don haka cimma haɗin kai da wuri tare da ƙa'idodin duniya da haɓaka gasa ta duniya.

1. Matsayin aikace -aikacen tsarin nitriding na al'ada

Nitriding fasaha ce da ake amfani da ita akan sunadarai. Manufar aiwatar da nitriding shine samun ƙarfin farfajiya mafi girma ba tare da canza ainihin kaddarorin sa da girman aikin aikin ba, kuma a lokaci guda, yana iya haɓaka juriya na lalacewa da haɓaka rayuwar gajiya. . Kamar sauran hanyoyin sarrafa zafin zafi na sinadarai, tsarin nitriding ya haɗa da rarrabuwa na matsakaiciyar nitriding, amsawa a cikin wakilin nitriding, watsawa, amsawar ƙirar lokaci, watsawar sinadarin nitrogen da ke cikin baƙin ƙarfe, da samuwar nitrides. Dangane da zanen zanen allo na Fe-N, yawan zafin jiki na nitriding gaba ɗaya ƙasa da 590 ° C (zafin eutectoid na nitrogen), kuma nitriding Layer yana zama ε lokaci da α lokaci daga farfajiya zuwa ciki. Tun da yawan yaɗuwar atam ɗin nitrogen a cikin yanayin epsilon shine mafi jinkiri, bayan an samar da nitriding Layer, lokacin epsilon zaiyi aiki kamar shinge don hana watsawa cikin ƙwayoyin nitrogen. Sabili da haka, a ƙarƙashin yanayi na yau da kullun, ƙimar girma na nitriding Layer zai ragu sosai bayan nitriding na ɗan lokaci.
Tsarin ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa

2.1 Tsarin ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa

Rare ƙasa lokaci ne na gama gari don abubuwa 17 ciki har da abubuwan lanthanide da scandium (Sc) da yttrium (Y). Waɗannan abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba suna aiki sosai kuma suna tsakanin magnesium (Mg) da aluminium (Al). Saboda halayensa na musamman, ana amfani da shi sosai a fannoni da yawa. Hakanan saboda waɗannan halayen ana iya amfani dashi azaman mai saurin maganin zafi kuma ana iya amfani dashi a cikin maganin zafi na sunadarai. A cikin maganin zafi na sunadarai, lanthanum (La) da cerium (Ce) galibi manyan abubuwa ne, saboda suna da tsarin Layer na lantarki na 4f da ƙarfin lantarki mai ƙarfi, kamar cerium (Ce) -2.48, lanthanum (La) -2.52, Saboda haka , kaddarorin sunadarai suna aiki sosai, wanda hakan ke ba shi damar samar da ingantaccen haɗin gwiwar sinadarai tare da nau'ikan ƙarfe daban-daban. Masana daga Cibiyar Fasaha ta Harbin sun yi imanin cewa abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba a duniya waɗanda ke da tsarin lantarki na musamman da aikin sinadarai na iya shiga cikin saman sassan ƙarfe. Dalili don fa'idodi da yawa shine cewa da zarar ƙarancin ƙarancin ƙasa ya shiga cikin ƙarfe, ramin atomic kusan 40% ya fi na ƙarfe na ƙarfe, wanda zai haifar da murdiyar lalataccen ƙarfe na kewaye. juyawa yana ƙaruwa aibi mai yawa, wato, murdiya yana haifar da ƙarin sababbi. Launin lu'ulu'u yana da kyau ga talla da watsawa na ƙwayoyin nitrogen, don haka atoms na tsakiya ya wadata a yankin murdiya. Bayan abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba a cikin ƙasa sun shiga cikin farfajiyar ɓangaren ƙarfe, zai samar da babban sinadarin nitrogen a farfajiyar ɓangaren ƙarfe a cikin ɗan gajeren lokaci, ta haka yana samar da babban ƙarfin nitrogen da ɗimbin hankali, wanda ke sa ƙwayoyin nitrogen su watsa cikin ciki. cikin hanzari, ta yadda tsarin sarrafa zafi na sunadarai ya bayyana sarai Yi sauri da tsaftace tsarin ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyiyar kuma inganta aikin ɓoyayyen ɓoyayyen.

Marubucin ya yi imanin cewa ƙaruwa mai yawa a cikin adadin ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa galibi saboda waɗannan dalilai:

• Shigar da abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba a duniya yana haifar da yawaitar lahani don yaɗuwa, juzu'in juzu'in J yana ƙaruwa, kuma adadin canja wurin iskar nitrogen yana ƙaruwa sosai.
• Shigar da abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba a duniya suna haifar da murdiyar murfin Fe atom atom, wanda ke haɓaka ƙarfin saman, ta haka yana haɓaka ƙarfin talla na kama ƙwayoyin N na tsakiya.
• Haɓaka ɗimbin yawa na atom ɗin N a yankin murdiya yana haɓaka bambancin taro na nitrogen, yana haɓaka ƙarfin sinadarai, kuma yana hanzarta saurin watsawa.

2.2.Halin siyayyar ƙasa nitriding

Tasirin tasirin ƙasa mai ɗanɗano yayin nitriding ya fi na carburizing, wanda shine mahimmin halayyar ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa. Dalili shi ne yawan zafin jiki na nitriding galibi yana cikin yankin α-Fe, kuma juriyar kutsawa cikin abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba a cikin wannan yankin ya fi ƙanƙanta fiye da na yankin γ-Fe; bugu da kari, adadin kasawar da ba kasafai ake samu ba kuma shine babban abin da ke shafar tasirin kutse. . Gabaɗaya, babban adadin ɓoyayyen yana da mafi kyawun tasirin kutse, kuma adadin ƙarancin shigar ƙasa a lokacin nitriding ya fi na lokacin carburizing, don haka tasirin kutse yayin nitriding ya fi kyau.

Rarraba da ilimin halittar nitride a cikin nitriding Layer shine mabuɗin don taurin nitriding Layer. Lokacin da aka tarwatsa nitride kuma aka rarraba shi, taurin yana da girma, akasin haka, taurin yana ƙasa. A cikin tsarin nitriding na al'ada, gabaɗaya ana samar da nitride mara ƙima, kuma nitride yana daɗaɗaɗawa ko kuma mai jituwa tare da matakin iyaye. Yayin da yawan zafin jiki ya tashi, nitrides na ci gaba da tarawa da girma, suna lalata daga lokacin iyaye, kuma taurin yana raguwa sosai.

Yayin aiwatar da nitriding ƙasa mai ƙanƙanta, kutsawa cikin ƙasa mai ƙima yana sa nitride ta kasance mai rarrabawa kuma mara daidaituwa, don kuzarin kuzari ya tashi da ƙarfi kuma ya zama tarko ga ƙwayoyin N na tsakiya. A lokaci guda kuma, ana iya samar da isasshen iska Cottrell, wanda zai iya rage kuzarin wurin. Samar da sinadarin nitrides yana ɗaukar abubuwan da ba a saba gani ba a ƙasa a matsayin ainihin, kuma rarraba su ya zama warwatse sosai. A lokaci guda, shi ma yana gabatar da ruwan sama mai yaɗuwa, ta yadda za a guji ƙarni na tsarin jijiya, da kuma gujewa rarrabuwa na nitride tare da iyakar hatsi. Bugu da ƙari, a cikin takamaiman yanayin zafin jiki, ilimin halittar nitride ba zai canza ba, kuma rarraba shi ba zai canza ba. Idan aka kwatanta da fasaha na nitriding na al'ada, ƙarancin fasahar nitriding ƙasa yana sa taurin nitride ya fi girma kuma ana iya kiyaye ƙanƙara a 0 ~ Level 1.

2.3. Bukatun tsarin nitriding ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi

Rare ƙasa nitriding yana da halayyar babban ƙarfi na nitriding Layer. Dangane da wannan sifar, za a iya ƙara yawan zafin nitriding da 10 zuwa 20 ° C, ta haka yana haɓaka haɓaka ƙimar nitriding sosai. Dangane da sakamakon ɗimbin gwaje -gwajen, ana iya samun cewa tare da zazzabi iri ɗaya, ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa na iya haɓaka ƙimar shigarwa da kashi 15% zuwa 20%, amma bayan ƙara yawan zafin jiki da 20 ° C, ƙimar shigar za a iya ƙaruwa sosai. A lokaci guda, kwatankwacin fasahar nitriding na al'ada, ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa dole ne ya sarrafa adadin rarrabuwa na ammonia na nitriding a cikin kewayon da ya dace, wato, ya kamata a yi amfani da babban sinadarin nitrogen (Np) a matakin farko, sannan a hankali a rage. Gabaɗaya, tsarin nitriding na yanayi mai sarrafa yanayi guda biyu tare da zazzabi mai canzawa da yuwuwar nitriding mai canzawa ana karɓa, kuma adadin raguwar ammonia yana raguwa a matakin farko, kuma ana ƙara ƙarfin nitrogen don saduwa da bukatun hanzarin nitriding, wanda ke ƙaruwa sosai. shi.

2.4. Fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi da tanadin makamashi na ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa

Yin amfani da tsarin nitriding na al'ada, ƙirar ƙarfe na ƙarfe, lokacin da Layer ke buƙatar 0.3mm, lokacin riƙewa gabaɗaya yana buƙatar fiye da 30h. Lokacin da Layer infiltration ke buƙatar 0.6mm, lokacin adana zafi yana buƙatar fiye da 90h. Bayan an ƙara nitriding ƙasa-ƙasa zuwa mai haɓakawa, lokacin da ƙirar ƙirar ƙarfe na yau da kullun na buƙatar Layer infiltration 0.3mm, idan ana iya amfani da tsarin nitriding dumama na cyclic a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafin guda ɗaya, lokacin riƙewa zai zama 14h kawai. Idan aka kwatanta da fasahar nitriding na al'ada, lokacin adana zafi ya fi guntu 16h kuma an adana 53% na lokacin. Sabili da haka, yana iya adana 40%na wutar lantarki, rage amfani da ammoniya da kusan kashi 35%, da rage fitar da hayaƙin iskar gas da kusan kashi 35%. Lokacin da Layer shigarwa yana buƙatar 0.6mm, ana iya rage lokacin adana zafi da kusan 40%.

Kasar Sin babbar kasa ce da ke kera injiniyoyi, inda dubban kamfanoni ke amfani da nitriding na gas, galibi a cikin kera kayan aikin injin, watsa wutar lantarki, kayan aikin sararin samaniya, kera kera da sauran masana'antu. An kiyasta cewa tanderu irin na nitriding 3000 (wanda aka lissafa a 75kW) za a yi aiki da su sau 100 a shekara, kuma kowane ƙarfin wuta na 25h zai cinye 5.625 × 108kW • h na wutar lantarki kowace shekara. Amfani da wakili mai ba da izini na ƙasa zai iya haɓaka ƙimar ruwa da kashi 40%, kuma ya adana wutar lantarki ta 2.250 × 108kW • h, wanda yayi daidai da tan 90,000 na daidaitaccen kwal kuma ya rage hayaƙin CO2 da tan 80,000. Don haka, idan duk masana'antar ta karɓi fasahar kutse ƙasa da ba kasafai ake samu ba a cikin tsarin nitriding, za ta sami mafi kyawun sakamako "rage kuzari da raguwar iska".

3. Haɓaka fasahar nitriding ƙasa da ba a saba gani ba

3.1. Muhimmancin ƙarancin ƙasa nitriding

A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, tare da hauhawar farashin makamashin duniya gaba daya, ci gaban tattalin arzikin kasar Sin yana fuskantar manyan kalubale. A saboda wannan dalili, ta ba da shawarar kafa wata ƙasa mai ƙira da ceton makamashi da cimma burin ci gaban tattalin arziki mai ɗorewa, kuma ta ba da matakan da suka dace don rage amfani da makamashi, kiyaye makamashi, da rage gurɓataccen iska. Da manufofi masu alaƙa don cimma ingantacciyar rayuwa. Dangane da gwajin farko na tsarin nitriding ƙasa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi, ana iya sanin cewa raunin ƙasa mai rikitarwa zai iya rage lokacin iskar gas, kuma yana nuna tasirin abubuwa daban -daban don kayan ƙarfe daban -daban, gabaɗaya ana iya rage shi da kusan 30% zuwa 60 %, kuma taurin saman shima yayi ƙasa. Idan aka kwatanta da nitriding na gargajiya, yana iya haɓaka 50 ～ 150HV. Lissafi na farko sun nuna cewa amfani da wannan fasaha zai rage yawan amfani da wutar lantarki, wanda ake sa ran zai rage wutar da kashi 30% zuwa 40%, da rage fitar da iskar gas na nitriding, gajarta lokutan aiki, da inganta ingancin aiki. A lokaci guda, ana inganta ƙimar sassan ƙarfe sosai, juriya na lalacewa yana ƙaruwa sosai, juriya na lalacewa yana ƙaruwa sosai, ƙaruwa da taurin suna ƙaruwa a cikin wani keɓaɓɓen kewayo, kuma ana samun ingantaccen amfani da tsawon rai. . Fasahar nitriding na kasa da kasa za ta inganta ci gaban aikin nitriding na kasar Sin.

3.2 Hasashe na ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa

Tsarin nitriding yana da halaye na inganta ƙwanƙwasawar sassan, inganta juriya na sassan, da haɓaka juriya da juriya gajiya. Ana iya amfani da shi sosai a masana'antar kera mold da masana'antar kera wutar lantarki. Nitriding tsari ne da ba za a iya canzawa ba a sarrafa injin, amma har yanzu akwai wasu matsalolin da ke buƙatar warware su cikin gaggawa a cikin aikin nitriding. Misali, lokacin aiwatarwa ya yi yawa. Layerauki Layer 0.5mm a matsayin misali, zai ɗauki tsawon sa'o'i 50. Idan an ƙara lokacin taimako Har da lissafi, lokacin aiwatarwa zai kai kwanaki 3 zuwa 4. Sabili da haka, wannan zai ɓata sa'o'in mutane da yawa, amfani da wutar lantarki da ammoniya. A saboda wannan dalili, mayar da hankali kan bincike na gaba akan tsarin nitriding yakamata ya mai da hankali kan abubuwan da ke tafe: ɗaya shine ya rage lokacin nitriding; dayan kuma shine zurfafa layin kutse; na uku shine rage yawan amfani da makamashi; na huɗu kuma shine juyawa zuwa alkiblar bunƙasa tattalin arziƙi.

Dangane da albarkatun ƙasa da ba kasafai ake samunsu ba a China da fa'idodi da yawa na tsarin nitriding ƙasa, yakamata a yi amfani da ƙira da haɓaka fasaha don ba da cikakkiyar fa'ida ga fa'idodin albarkatu da fasaha don samar da fa'idodin ci gaban masana'antu da fa'idodin tattalin arziƙi.

Masu binciken kimiyya da fasaha yakamata su ɗauki ƙira da haɓaka sabon tsarin nitriding ƙasa a matsayin mai da hankali kan bincike, da gudanar da tattaunawa mai zurfi akan dokokin ta na cikin gida da tsarin nitriding. Ci gaba da gudanar da bincike da haɓaka manyan abubuwan da ke haifar da ƙarancin ƙasa, kuma ku yi ƙoƙarin fahimtar cikakken maye gurbin tsarin nitriding na al'ada ta hanyar ƙarancin nitriding ƙasa, ta hakan yana haɓaka tasirin ceton makamashi, raguwar iska, rage yawan amfani, da inganci karuwa da tsawon rayuwa.

Da fatan za a adana tushe da adireshin wannan labarin don sake bugawa: Matsayin Aikace -aikacen da Yanayin Ci Gaban Tsarin Tsarin Nitriding na Rare na Duniya

Minghe Kamfanin 'Yan Wasa Masu Mutu aka sadaukar domin tsirar da samar da inganci da kuma high yi Gyare sassa (karfe mutu simintin sassa Range yafi hada da Thin-Wall Mutu Wasa,Hot Chamber Mutu Wasa,Cold Chamber Mutu Wasa), Zagaye Sabis (Mutuwar 'Yan Wasa,CNC machining,Motsa Motsa, Jiyya na sama) .Adadin al'ada Aluminium ya mutu, magnesium ko Zamak / zinc mutu simintin gyare-gyare da sauran buƙatun simintin maraba don tuntube mu.

Karkashin kulawar ISO9001 da TS 16949, Ana aiwatar da dukkan matakai ta hanyar daruruwan injunan jefa simintin da suka mutu, injunan axis 5, da sauran kayan aiki, tun daga masu fashewa zuwa na’urar Ultra Sonic masu wanki.Minghe ba kawai tana da kayan aiki na zamani ba amma kuma tana da kwararru ƙungiyar ƙwararrun injiniyoyi, masu aiki da sufetoci don tabbatar da ƙirar abokin ciniki ta zama gaskiya.

Manufactureran kwangilar masana'antar mutu. Abubuwan haɓakawa sun haɗa da sassan sanyi na sassan mutuɗar aluminum daga 0.15 lbs. zuwa 6 lbs., saurin canje-canje da aka saita, da aikin inji. Sabis-ƙarin ayyuka sun haɗa da gogewa, faɗakarwa, lalatawa, fashewar harbi, zane, zane, rufi, haɗuwa, da kayan aiki. Abubuwan da aka yi aiki tare sun haɗa da allo irin su 360, 380, 383, da 413.

Zinc ya mutu don jefa ƙirar ƙira / sabis na injiniya tare. Custom manufacturer na daidaici tutiya mutu simintin gyaran kafa. Castananan 'yan simintin gyare-gyare, pressurean ƙwanƙwasa masu juzu'in juzu'in simintin gyare-gyaren juzu'ai, ƙera simintin gyare-gyare na al'ada, ɓangaren mutu da' yan wasa masu mutuwa masu zaman kansu da ƙofar da aka hatimce za a iya ƙera su. Za'a iya kerarrar 'yan simintin a tsayi da faɗi har zuwa 24 a ciki. A cikin +/- 0.0005 a cikin. Haƙuri.  

ISO 9001: 2015 bokan masana'anta ta mutu magnesium, Abubuwan haɓaka sun haɗa da matsin lamba na magnesium mai matsi mai yawa har zuwa tan 200 mai ɗumi mai zafi & 3000 ton mai sanyi, ƙirar kayan aiki, gogewa, gyare-gyaren, inji, foda & zanen ruwa, cikakken QA tare da damar CMM , taro, marufi & isarwa.

ITAF16949 bokan. Servicearin Sabis ɗin Gyare Hadawa zuba jari,yashi,Kushin nauyi, Stauren ɓoye ɓoye,Siffar Centrifugal,Cast Vacuum,Dindindin Mould Gyare, .Hanyoyin iyawa sun hada da EDI, taimakon injiniya, ingantaccen samfuri da aiki na sakandare.

Fitar Masana'antu Abubuwan Nazarin sassa don: Motoci, Bikes, Jirgin sama, kayan kiɗa, Jirgin ruwa, Na'urorin hangen nesa, na'urori masu auna sigina, na'urori masu auna sigina, Na'urori, Kayan lantarki, ,unshi, Clocks, Inji, Injiniya, Kayan Kaya, Kayan Jiki, Jigs, Telecom, Haske, Kayan aikin likita, Na'urar daukar hoto, Robobi, Sassaka, kayan sauti, kayan wasanni, Kayan aiki, Kayan wasa da ƙari. 

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By Minghe Mutu Wasa Wasa | Categories: Labarai masu Taimakawa |Material Tags: Gyare Aluminum, Zinc Gyare, Fitar Magnesium, Castan Wasanni, Bakin Karfe Cast, Fitar tagulla,Gyare Tagulla,Fitar Bidiyo,Tarihin Kamfanin,Aluminum Mutu Gyare | Comments Off