Tebur ɗaya don fahimtar zafin maganin kayayyakin ƙarfe

Buga Lokaci: 07 / 21 2021 Mawallafi: Editan Yanar Gizo Ziyarci: 15485

Tebur ɗaya don fahimtar maganin zafin nama na kayan ƙarfe:

sunan				Tsarin maganin zafi	Dalilin maganin zafi
1. Yin kira				Zafa karfe da zafin jiki, adana shi na wani lokaci, sannan a hankali sanyaya shi zuwa zafin jiki na daki	①Rage taurin ƙarfe da ƙara roba don sauƙaƙa yankan da yanayin nakasawar sanyi
					② Tace hatsi, daidaita tsarin karfe, inganta aikin karfe da kuma shirya don maganin zafin rana mai zuwa
					③ Kawar da damuwa na ciki a cikin ƙarfe. Hana nakasawa da fatattakar sassan bayan aiki
Rukuni mai ban tsoro	Cikakken annealed			Zafin karfe da zafi mai zafi (yanayin zafi mai zafi daban-daban daban ne, gaba daya 710-750℃, kuma mahimman yanayin zafin ƙarfe na ƙarfe na mutum zai iya kaiwa 800-900℃30-50℃, adana shi na wani lokaci, sannan sannu a hankali sanyaya tare da makera (ko An binne shi cikin yashi ya huce)	Tace hatsi, tsari iri daya, rage taurin kai, kawar da matsi na ciki sosai, cikakken hadewa yana dacewa da abun cikin carbon (ƙananan juzu'i) a cikin O. Forgings or castings castings below 8%
	Spheroidizing annealing			Abubuwan karfe suna da zafi zuwa 20 ～ 30ºC sama da mahimman zafin, kuma bayan adana zafin, a hankali a sanyaye su ƙasa da 500 ℃ sannan a sanyaya iska daga cikin wutar.	Rage taurin ƙarfe, inganta aikin yankan, kuma shirya don hucewar da ke tafe don rage lalacewa da fashewa bayan hucewar. Spheroidizing annealing ya dace da carbon abun ciki (taro juzu'i) fi O. 8% carbon karfe da gami kayan aiki karfe
	Reliefarfafawar damuwa			将 Zafafa sassan ƙarfe zuwa 500 ～ 650ºC, adana shi na wani lokaci, sannan a hankali ya huce (gabaɗaya amfani da sanyaya wutar makera)	Kawar da danniya na ciki wanda aka haifar yayin walda da daidaitawar sassan karfe, kawar da damuwar cikin gida da aka samu yayin yankan sassan daidaito, don hana nakasawa yayin aiki da amfani na gaba
					Reliefarfafawar wahalar damuwa ya dace da kowane nau'in jaka, gafartawa, sassan walda da ɓangarorin da aka cire masu sanyi, da dai sauransu.
2. Yin al'ada				Heara ƙarfen zuwa 40 ～ 60ºC sama da yanayin zafi mai zafi, adana shi na wani lokaci, sannan sanyaya shi a cikin iska	①Inganta tsarin kungiya da yankan aiki
					② Ana amfani da al'ada sau da yawa azaman maganin zafin ƙarshe na ɓangarorin da basa buƙatar kayan aikin injina
					③ Kawar da damuwa na ciki
3. Kashewa				Atasa sassan ƙarfen zuwa zafin wutar da ke kashewa, adana su na wani lokaci, sannan kuma a sanyaya su cikin hanzari a cikin ruwa, ruwan gishiri ko mai (kayan mutum a cikin iska)	①Sanya sassan karfe su sami tauri mafi girma kuma suyi juriya
Kashe nau'in		Single ruwa quenching		Sassan karfe suna da zafi sosai, kuma bayan an adana zafin, ana sanyaya su a cikin waken kashewa	②Sanya sassan karfe su sami wasu kaddarorin na musamman bayan zafin rai, kamar ƙarfi mafi ƙarfi, ƙyalli da tauri, da dai sauransu.
				Enaramar ruwa mai guba ɗaya kawai ya dace da ƙarfe na ƙarfe da sassan ƙarfe mai hade da siffofi masu sauƙi da ƙananan bukatun fasaha. Lokacin bushewa, don ɓangarorin ƙarfe na ƙarfe tare da diamita ko kauri mafi girma daga 5-8mm, zaɓi ruwan gishiri ko sanyaya ruwa; gami karfe sassa zabi mai sanyaya
		Ruwan biyu na ruwa		Sassan karfe suna da zafi sosai, bayan an adana zafin, ana sanyaya su da sauri zuwa 300-400ºC a ruwa, sannan a koma mai don sanyaya
		Surfacearfafa saman wuta		Yi amfani da cakuda acetylene da oxygen don fesar da wutar a saman sashin don saurin zafin da zafin zuwa yanayin zafin da yake raguwa, sannan nan da nan ya fesa saman sashen da ruwa. Surfacearfin farfajiyar harshen wuta ya dace da yanki ɗaya ko ƙaramin tsari, kuma farfajiyar tana buƙatar wuya da lalacewa. Manyan matsakaitan-ƙarfe da ƙananan ƙarfe da keɓaɓɓu da ƙananan ƙarfe waɗanda ke iya tsayayya da ɗaukar tasiri, kamar crankshafts, giya da rallan jagora, da sauransu
		Hararfafa shigarwar ƙasa		Sanya sashin karfe a cikin inductor, inductor yana samar da maganadisu a karkashin aikin wani yanayi na canjin yanayin, kuma bangaren karfe yana samarda wani yanayi wanda aka samu a karkashin aikin maganadisu, ta yadda saman bangaren karfe yake mai saurin zafi (2-10min) zuwa zafin zafin, sannan nan da nan Fesa ruwa akan ƙarfen.
				Partsananan sassan sassaƙƙƙƙen sassa suna da danshi mai ɗaci da juriya, yayin da cibiya tana riƙe da ƙarfi da ƙarfi.
				Hararfafa shigarwar ƙasa ya dace da ƙananan ƙarfe da ƙananan ƙarfe tare da matsakaiciyar abun ciki na carbon
4. Fushi				Atasa sassan ƙarfen da aka ƙone a ƙasa da yanayin zafi mai tsanani, adana shi na ɗan lokaci, sannan kuma sanyaya shi cikin iska ko mai	① Samu kayan aikin injiniya da ake buƙata. A karkashin al'amuran yau da kullun, ƙarfin da taurin sassan bayan quenching suna haɓaka ƙwarai, amma filastik da taurin suna raguwa ƙwarai, kuma ainihin yanayin aiki na sassan yana buƙatar ƙarfi da ƙarfi. Bayan zaɓar yanayin zafin jiki mai dacewa don saurin fushi, ana iya samun kayan aikin injiniya da ake buƙata
				Ana aiwatar da zafin kai tsaye nan da nan bayan hucewarta kuma shine tsari na ƙarshe na maganin zafi	②Ungiyar barga, girman barga
					③ Kawar da damuwa na ciki
Yanayin zafin jiki			Temperaturearamin zafin jiki	Partsananan sassan ƙarfe suna da zafi zuwa 150-50ºC, kuma ana ajiye su a wannan zafin na wani lokaci, sa'annan a sanyaya a cikin iska. Temperaturearancin zafin jiki mafi yawa ana amfani dashi don yankan kayan aiki, kayan aikin aunawa, kayan ƙira, maƙerin birgima da sassan carburized, da dai sauransu.	Kawar da danniya na ciki wanda ya haifar da ƙarancin ƙarfe
			Jin zafi	Atasa sassan ƙarfen da aka ƙone zuwa 350-450%, kuma su huce bayan riƙewa na wani lokaci. Kullum ana amfani dashi don sassa kamar maɓuɓɓugan ruwa daban-daban da hatimi mai zafi ya mutu.	Sanya sassan karfe su sami sassauci mafi girma, wasu tauri da taurin
			High zafin jiki tempering	Steelananan sassan ƙarfe da aka ƙone suna mai tsanani zuwa 500~650ºC kuma yayi sanyi bayan ajiyar zafi. Ana amfani dasu galibi don mahimman sassan sassan da ke buƙatar ƙarfi da ƙarfi, kamar su manyan shafuka, crankshafts, cams, giya da sandunan haɗawa.	Sanya sassan karfe su sami ingantattun kayan aikin inji, ma'ana, ƙarfi mafi ƙarfi, tauri da isasshen taurin, da kuma kawar da damuwar ciki ta sanadin ɓarke sassan ƙarfe
5. Zafin rai				Babban zazzabi (500~600ºC) tempering na quenched karfe sassa ne mafi yawa amfani ga muhimmanci tsarin sassa, kamar shafts, giya, a haɗa sanduna, da dai sauransu The quenching da tempering ne kullum da za'ayi bayan m machining	Tace hatsin lu'ulu'u don samun tsananin ƙarfi da isasshen ƙarfi don sassan karfe, don haka yana da kyawawan kayan aikin injina
Amfani da lokaci			Tsufa na wucin gadi	Steelananan sassan ƙarfe da aka ƙone suna mai tsanani zuwa 100~160℃, bayan dogon lokacin da aka adana zafi, sannan a sanyaya	Kawar da danniya na ciki, rage nakasawar bangare, daidaita girman, kuma yana da mahimmanci ga sassan da ke da buƙatun daidaito mafi girma
			Tsarin tsufa	Sanya simintin gyare-gyare a sararin sama; an sanya sassan karfe (kamar su manyan shafuka, sandunan gubar, da sauransu) a cikin ruwan teku ko an dakatar da su na dogon lokaci ko ɗauka sauƙi. Abubuwan da suka sami tsufa na ɗabi'a sun fi kyau a fara birgima da farko
Maganin zafi na sinadarai				Sanya sashin karfe a cikin wani sinadarin da ke dauke da wasu kwayoyin aiki (kamar su carbon, nitrogen, chromium, da sauransu), kuma sanya wasu kwayoyin atam a cikin matsakaicin sun shiga cikin sashin karfe ta hanyar dumamawa, kiyaye zafi, sanyaya da sauran hanyoyin. , don cimma canji Canjin sunadarai na farfajiyar farfajiyar ƙarfe yana sa saman fili na ɓangaren ƙarfe yana da wani aiki na musamman
Rukunin maganin zafi na sinadarai			Burarfafawa	Shiga ƙwayoyin carbon a cikin saman sassan ƙarfe	Sanya farfajiyar yana da tauri mai ƙarfi (HRC60 ～ 65) kuma ya sa juriya, yayin da cibiyar ke ci gaba da kasancewa da ƙarfi
				An fi amfani dashi don lalacewa mai tasiri da ɓangarorin da suka shafi tasiri, kamar ƙafafu, giya, shafuka, fiston fiska, da dai sauransu.
			Nitriding na karfe	Shigar da ƙwayoyin nitrogen zuwa saman sassan ƙarfe	Inganta taurin da ci juriya na saman karfe sassa,
				Ana amfani da shi don mahimman maɓalli, kwayoyi, fil da sauran sassan	lalata juriya
			Cyanide na karfe	Shiga cikin ƙwayoyin carbon da nitrogen zuwa saman ɓangarorin ƙarfe a lokaci guda. Ya dace da ƙananan ƙarfe na ƙarfe, matsakaiciyar ƙarfe na ƙarfe ko sassan ƙarfe na gami, kuma ana iya amfani da shi don kayan aikin ƙarfe mai sauri.	Inganta taurin kuma sa juriya na farfajiya na sassan karfe
8. Baƙi				Sassan karfe suna da dumi kuma sunadarai a cikin wani alkali mai karfi da kuma isashshen bayani, don haka an samar da sinadarin magnetic ferroferric oxide a saman sassan karfe. Ana amfani dashi sau da yawa a cikin ƙarfe mai ƙarancin carbon da ƙarfe mai ƙarancin carbon.	Anti-tsatsa, ƙara kyau da walƙiya ta fuskar ƙarfe, kuma kawar da damuwa a cikin aikin kashewa
				Saboda tasirin kayan aiki da sauran abubuwa, launin fim din na layin baƙar fata shine shuɗi-baki, baƙi, ja-kasa-kasa, fari, da sauransu, kuma kaurinsa ya kai 0.6~O.8µm

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